Precision mold, all kinds of fittings and various parts materials without the characteristics of metal materials, metal materials through a variety of craft processing present different characteristics, and meet the needs of all kinds of mold manufacturing.What are the technical terms of metal materials?The following mould parts manufacturer, changsha borun, summarized the technical performance of metal materials, for reference only:
Do mold, how can not understand the metal material process performance noun!
- Casting (castability)
The performance of qualified castings can be obtained by casting metal materials.Casting sex mainly includes fluidity, contraction and segregation.Liquidity refers to the liquid metal mold ability, contractility refers to the casting solidification, the extent of the volume contraction, segregation is refers to the metal in the process of cooling solidification, caused by different crystallization has internal metal chemical composition and non-uniformity of the organization.
- Malleability
When the metal material is pressed, it can change the shape without the performance of the crack.It includes processing of hammer forging, rolling, stretching and extrusion under hot or cold conditions.Malleability is mainly related to the chemical composition of metal materials.
- Cutting machinability (machinability, machinability)
It is easy to be a qualified workpiece after metal material is machined by cutting tool.The surface roughness of the workpiece, the cutting speed allowed and the wear degree of the cutter are measured.It is related to the chemical composition of metal materials, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and the degree of process hardening.It is generally used to make a rough judgment of the quality of the cutting process using hardness and toughness.Generally speaking, the hardness of metal materials is harder to cut, but it is not high in hardness, but it is also difficult to cut.Reference: what are the cutting factors that affect the steel?
- Weldability (weldability)
The adaptability of metal materials to welding process.It mainly refers to the difficulty of obtaining quality welding joint under certain welding conditions.It includes two aspects of content: one is the combination of performance, namely under the condition of certain welding process, the sensitivity of certain metal forming welding defect, 2 it is to use performance, namely under the condition of certain welding process, requirements of the use of certain metal welded joint of applicability.
- Heat treatment
(1).annealing: means that the metal material is heated to an appropriate temperature, maintains a certain amount of time, and then slowly cools the heat treatment process.Common annealing process: recrystallization annealing, stress annealing, spheroidization annealing, complete annealing.Annealing: the purpose of the main is to reduce the hardness of metal materials, improve the plasticity, processing and machining and pressure, and reduce the residual stress, improve the organization and composition of the homogenization, or for the heat treatment after ready for the organization, etc.
(2).normalizing refers to heat the steel or steel to a Ac3 or Acm (steel) on the critical point of temperature more than 30 ~ 50 ?, keep proper time, in the stillness of the air cooling heat treatment process.The main purpose of the fire is to improve the mechanical properties of low carbon steel, improve the cutting processing, refine grain, eliminate the defects of the tissue, and prepare for the preparation of the post heat treatment.
(3).quenching refers to heat the steel to the Ac3 or Ac1 point temperature (steel) above a certain temperature, keep a certain amount of time, and then in the appropriate cooling speed, get martensite bainite) (or heat treatment process of the organization.The common quenching process is salt bath quenching, martensite quenching, bainite isothermal quenching, surface quenching and local quenching.The purpose of quenching is to obtain the necessary martensite tissue, improve the hardness, strength and wear resistance of the workpiece, and prepare for the heat treatment.
(4).tempering: when the steel is hardened, it is heated to a certain temperature below Ac1 for a certain period of time, then cooled to the heat treatment process at room temperature.Common tempering process: low temperature tempering, medium temperature tempering, high temperature tempering and multiple tempering.The purpose of tempering is to eliminate the stress caused by steel in quenching, which makes the steel parts have high hardness and wear resistance, and has the plasticity and toughness needed.
(5).tempering: a compound heat treatment process that is used to harden steel or steel parts for quenching and tempering.The steel used in the adjustment process is called the tempered steel.It is generally referred to as the medium carbon structure steel and the medium carbon alloy structural steel.
(6).chemical heat treatment: refers to the metal or alloy workpiece under a certain temperature in the active medium heat preservation, make one or more of the following elements into its surface, to change its chemical composition, microstructure and properties of heat treatment process.Common chemical heat treatment processes: carburizing, nitrification, carburizing, aluminizing, boron, etc.The purpose of chemical heat treatment is to improve the hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength and oxidation resistance of steel surface.
(7).solid solution treatment: refers to the heat treatment process of the over-saturated solid solution by heating the alloy to the high temperature single-phase zone constant temperature and the excess phase is fully dissolved in the solid solution.The purpose of solid solution treatment is to improve the plasticity and toughness of steel and alloy and prepare for settling hardening treatment.
(8).precipitation hardening (precipitation strengthening) : refers to the metal in the supersaturated solid solution of solute atom partial area and (or) by exsolution of the particles are dispersed in the matrix and lead to a heat treatment hardening.Such as precipitation austenitic stainless steel after solid solution treatment or after cold working, in 400 ~ 500 ? or 500 ~ 700 ? for precipitation hardening treatment, high strength can be obtained.
(9).aging treatment: refers to the alloy workpiece after solid solution treatment, cold plastic deformation or casting, forging, maintain at a high temperature or room temperature, its performance, shape, size change with time of heat treatment process.If using the workpiece heated to high temperature and long time aging treatment of the ageing process, known as artificial aging treatment, if the artifact placed under natural conditions at room temperature or long time deposit occurring in the course of aging phenomenon, known as the natural aging treatment.The purpose of aging treatment is to eliminate the internal stress of the workpiece, stabilize the structure and size, improve mechanical properties and so on.
(10).and hardenability: the characteristics of steel hardening depth and hardness distribution under specified conditions.Steel quenching is good and poor, commonly used to harden depth.The greater the depth of the hardened layer, the better the hardening of steel.The hardenability of steel mainly depends on its chemical composition, especially the alloy element with increasing hardenability and grain size, heating temperature and thermal insulation time.The hardened steel can be used to achieve uniform mechanical properties of the whole section of the steel parts, and the quenching of steel parts can be used to quench the deformation and cracking.
(11).the critical diameter (critical hardening diameter) : critical diameter refers to in a medium steel quenching after cold, heart department got the whole martensite or 50% martensite structure of maximum diameter, some critical diameter steel, can generally through the hardenability of test for oil or water.
(12).secondary hardening: some iron carbon alloys, such as high speed steel, must be tempered several times before improving their hardness.This hardening phenomenon, known as secondary sclerosis, is caused by special carbide precipitation and (or) due to the involvement of the austenitic body into martensite or bainite.
- .embrittlement brittleness: refers to the brittleness of tempered steel in certain temperature ranges or slowly cooling from the tempering temperature through the temperature range.Tempering brittleness can be divided into the first type of temper brittleness and the second type of temper brittleness.The first kind of temper brittleness is also called the irreversible temper brittleness, mainly in the tempering temperature is 250 ~ 400 ?, disappeared in reheating brittleness, after repeated tempering in the interval, no longer occur brittleness, the second category of temper brittleness is also called reversible temper brittleness, occurred in 400 ~ 650 ?, the temperature of the reheating brittleness disappeared, should be rapid cooling, not for a long time to stay within the range of 400 ~ 650 ? or slow cooling, otherwise it will happen again catalytic phenomenon.The occurrence of temper brittleness is related to the alloy elements in steel, such as manganese, chromium, silicon, nickel can produce temper brittleness, and molybdenum, tungsten has the tendency to reduce temper brittleness
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